{"id":36,"date":"2019-08-03T11:14:00","date_gmt":"2019-08-03T11:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php\/2019\/08\/03\/hydatidose-kyste-hydatique-echinococcose-hydatique-echinococcus-granulosus\/"},"modified":"2022-09-28T20:32:48","modified_gmt":"2022-09-28T20:32:48","slug":"hydatidose-kyste-hydatique-echinococcose-hydatique-echinococcus-granulosus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/?p=36","title":{"rendered":"Hydatidose : Kyste hydatique , \u00e9chinococcose Hydatique ( Echinococcus granulosus)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
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L\u2019hydatidose\u00a0est une antropozoonose ( homme et mammif\u00e8res),due \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence et au d\u00e9veloppement dans l\u2019organisme de la forme larvaire d\u2019un t\u00e6nia\u00a0: Echinococcus<\/ins>granulosus<\/span><\/i><\/b> <\/i>qui normalement vit \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat adulte dans le tube digestif de certains canid\u00e9s\u00a0: le chien.<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n
1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>Epid\u00e9miologie\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Hydatidose est cosmopolite mais fr\u00e9quente dans tous les pays o\u00f9 se pratique l\u2019\u00e9levage du mouton.<\/span><\/div>\n
Au Maroc, elle est end\u00e9mique\u00a0: 800 cas par an, surtout dans les r\u00e9gions Gharb, Tadla, Atlas\u00a0.<\/span><\/div>\n
La contamination se par voie digestive\u00a0:<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Directe\u00a0: par contact du chien infest\u00e9, par\u00a0 <\/span>ingestion les \u0153ufs recueillis sur son pelage.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Indirecte\u00a0: par ingestion des crudit\u00e9s mal lav\u00e9es et souill\u00e9es par les excr\u00e9ments du chien.<\/span><\/div>\n
2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>Agent pathog\u00e8ne\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Morphologie de l\u2019adulte\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Petit t\u00e6nia de 3 \u00e0 5 mm de long, trois parties\u00a0:<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>T\u00eate ou scolex\u00a0: comporte 4 ventouses et une double couronne de crochets.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Cou\u00a0: gr\u00eale et court.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Corps\u00a0: 2\u00e0 3 anneaux, seul le dernier anneau est sexuellement m\u00fbr. Il contient un ut\u00e9rus\u00a0 <\/span>bourr\u00e9 d\u2019\u0153ufs (400 \u00e0 800 oeufs).<\/span><\/div>\n
Morphologie du kyste hydatique\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Kyste hydatique est\u00a0 <\/span>un ensemble constitu\u00e9 de l\u2019hydatide + l\u2019adventice\u00a0:<\/span><\/div>\n
Hydatide\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
C\u2019est une boule remplie d\u2019un liquide clair en eau de roche\u00a0 constitu\u00e9 de\u00a0:<\/span><\/div>\n
Cuticule<\/span><\/u>\u00a0: membrane anhiste<\/ins>\u00e9paisse, se\u00a0 <\/span>pr\u00e9sente\u00a0 <\/span>sous forme de couches concentriques, avec un aspect\u00a0 <\/span>laiteux et jaun\u00e2tre et dou\u00e9e d\u2019\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 pour distension.<\/span><\/div>\n
Membrane prolig\u00e8re ou germinative<\/span><\/u>\u00a0:\u00a0 <\/span>interne form\u00e9e d\u2019une couche cellulaire qui est l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ment fertile de la larve origine de tous les constituants.<\/span><\/div>\n
Capsules prolig\u00e8res ou v\u00e9sicules prolig\u00e8res<\/span><\/u>\u00a0: proviennent de bourgeonnement de la face interne de la membrane germinative, ces bourgeons vont grossir puis se creuser d\u2019une cavit\u00e9 en restant\u00a0 <\/span>attach\u00e9es par un p\u00e9dicule \u00e0 la membrane germinative. Dans ces cavit\u00e9s naissent des scolex par bourgeonnement (10 \u00e0 30 scolex par capsule), les scolex peuvent aussi na\u00eetre directement de la membrane germinative. A moindre secousse, ces v\u00e9sicules peuvent se d\u00e9tacher e tomber ans la lumi\u00e8re de l\u2019hydatide.<\/span><\/div>\n
V\u00e9sicules filles<\/span><\/u>\u00a0:\u00a0 <\/span>peuvent \u00eatre\u00a0endog\u00e8ne, r\u00e9sultent de l\u2019\u00e9volution v\u00e9siculaire des scolex dans le kyste initial, et exog\u00e8ne qui est une hernie de la membrane germinative hors de la cuticule.<\/span><\/div>\n
Liquide hydatique<\/span><\/u>(eau de roche)\u00a0: provient des s\u00e9cr\u00e9tions endog\u00e8nes de l\u2019hydatide.<\/span><\/div>\n
Sable hydatique<\/span><\/u>\u00a0: capsules prolig\u00e8res d\u00e9tach\u00e9es et\u00a0 <\/span>scolex\u00a0 <\/span>baignant le liquide hydatique.<\/span><\/div>\n
Adventice\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/span>troisi\u00e8me membrane des grands hydatides constitu\u00e9e des cellules de l\u2019organe parasit\u00e9 qui s\u2019atrophient et sont remplac\u00e9es par un tissu scl\u00e9reux.<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>Cycle \u00e9volutif\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
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4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>Clinique\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Symptomatologie d\u00e9pend de l\u2019organe o\u00f9 si\u00e8ge l\u2019hydatide\u00a0: <\/span><\/div>\n
Kyste hydatique dans le foie\u00a0: +++<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Manifestations polymorphes\u00a0: masse abdominale ou\u00a0 <\/span>tumeur du foie, ict\u00e8re (signe de compression), r\u00e9actions allergiques si fissuration ou rupture, infection du kyste fissur\u00e9.<\/span><\/div>\n
Kyste hydatique du poumon (primitif ou secondaire)\u00a0<\/span><\/b>: <\/span><\/div>\n
Toux, dyspn\u00e9e, h\u00e9moptysie.<\/span><\/div>\n
Evolution\u00a0: rupture de kyste dans une bronche<\/span>\u21d2<\/span> vomique hydatique <\/span><\/div>\n
Infection <\/span>\u21d2<\/span> abc\u00e8s du poumon\u00a0.<\/span><\/div>\n
Autres localisation\u00a0: rein, cerveau, rate, os\u2026<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Au niveau de l\u2019os, le kyste ne constitue pas d\u2019adventice et l\u2019hydatide mal limit\u00e9e se d\u00e9veloppe de mani\u00e8re anarchique et envahissante <\/span>\u21d2<\/span> fractures pathologiques.<\/span><\/div>\n
5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>Diagnostic <\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Pr\u00e9somption<\/span><\/b>\u00a0: origine g\u00e9ologique, profession<\/span><\/div>\n
Radiologie\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>clich\u00e9s sans pr\u00e9paration, <\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Echographie, <\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Scanner.<\/span><\/div>\n
Biologie\u00a0: <\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>hyper\u00e9osinophilie sanguine au cours de la phase d\u2019invasion et d\u2019installation de la larve et lors des phases de fissuration mais absente si KH est non compliqu\u00e9.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Augmentation des IgE s\u00e9riques lors de rupture de KH<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Augmentation de la bilirubine totale et conjugu\u00e9e<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Hyperleucocytose \u00e0 PNN si infections bact\u00e9rienne du kyste.<\/span><\/div>\n
Direct\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Est impossible car la ponction du kyste est proscrite\u00a0, mais on peut examin\u00e9\u00a0:<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Le liquide hydatique obtenu apr\u00e8s ponction du kyste recueilli lors d\u2019une intervention<\/ins>chirurgicale.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Le vomique hydatique lors de hydatidose pulmonaire<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Les urines lors de l\u2019hydatidose r\u00e9nale.<\/span><\/div>\n
A l\u2019examen microscopique, on peut trouver\u00a0: des scolex isol\u00e9s, des crochets (\u00e9pines de rasoir) et parfois des capsules prolig\u00e8res.<\/span><\/div>\n
Immunologique\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Repose sur la recherche de anticorps qui doit \u00eatre confirm\u00e9 au cours intervention chirurgicale\u00a0:<\/span><\/div>\n
Intradermor\u00e9action IDR de Casoni<\/span><\/b>\u00a0: injection de 0,1 \u00e0 0,2 ml d\u2019antig\u00e8nes hydatiques, lecture 20 \u00e0 30 min apr\u00e8s injection\u00a0: r\u00e9action positif si on a une papule de 1 \u00e0 2 cm de diam\u00e8tre entour\u00e9e d\u2019une zone \u00e9ryth\u00e9mateuse. La r\u00e9action est positive dans 75%\u00a0 <\/span>des cas.<\/span><\/div>\n
Les r\u00e9action s\u00e9rologiques<\/span><\/b>\u00a0: leur valeurs d\u00e9pend de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019antig\u00e8ne utilis\u00e9\u00a0:<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Immunofluorescence indirecte\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>R\u00e9actions de pr\u00e9cipitation\u00a0: immuno\u00e9lectrophor\u00e8se, \u00e9lectro syn\u00e9r\u00e8se.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>R\u00e9action d\u2019agglutination\u00a0: h\u00e9magglutination indirecte (HAI)<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>R\u00e9action immunoenzymatiques\u00a0: ELISA<\/span><\/div>\n
6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>Traitement\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Chirurgical<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>M\u00e9dical\u00a0: Albendazole<\/span><\/div>\n
7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>Prophylaxie\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Hygi\u00e8ne des abattoirs\u00a0: \u00e9viter les chien.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Destruction des visc\u00e8res atteins.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Education sanitaire<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a7\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Traitement des chiens par des vermifuges .<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 L\u2019hydatidose\u00a0est une antropozoonose ( homme et mammif\u00e8res),due \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence et au d\u00e9veloppement…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":389,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":390,"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36\/revisions\/390"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/389"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avo6.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}